The Foundation
The central combo of this deck is the Torchling, Dual Casting, and Pyretic Ritual cycle, which provides infinite and infinite copying of sorceries and instants, preferably Lightning Bolt or Sudden Shock for the Palpatine memes (and the utility), courtesy (again) of /r/BadMTGCombos.
A Broad Overview
The cards in this deck can be divided into six purposes: mana ramp, card ramp, self-defense, recovery, burn, and combo enablers. Mana ramp is self-explanatory, providing fuel for literally everything. Keep in mind that Luxury Suite and Morphic Pool are predicated upon facing two or more opponents, so if you want to repurpose this for 1v1 Commander then you'll want to switch these out. Card ramp encompasses both card draw and card search; everything from Brainstorm to Kess, Dissident Mage to literally every card with the word Tutor in its name fall into this category, allowing faster drawing of the necessary four cards. Self-defense covers counterspells like Mana Drain as well as deterrents like Crawlspace and Propaganda which serve to discourage your opponents from attacking you. Time Stop also falls under here, allowing you to cut off an enemy in case they achieve a combo and provides at least one more turn to assemble your own win condition. Recovery helps in case the deck gets smashed by mill, returning every part of the combo from graveyard through Corpse Churn, Flood of Recollection, Skull of Orm, and so on and so forth, as well as providing redundancies through Copy Enchantment and Mirrorpool, among others. Burn cards are as straightforward as they get; Scorching Spear, Skullcrack, etc. etc. do damage for red mana. These could potentially finish off weakened enemies, but generally at least one should be reserved for the combo. Finally, the combo enablers consist of the cards directly involved. In addition to those mentioned in the top bar, this also includes Desperate Ritual as an alternative to Pyretic Ritual. Pretty simple.
Edge Cases
This deck includes a bunch of cards that are rather questionable, mainly Dictate of the Twin Gods, Voltaic Key, and Bonus Round. None of these are really very useful outside of extreme edge cases. The former can see some use even without the combo but ehhhhhhh. Voltaic Key is a way to boost other mana artifacts, but even so there are likely better cards. Bonus Round is kind of just there and doesn't meaningfully combo with anything. These are the main cards that need replacing, and everything else should be a matter of tweaking.
Notes
Kess, Dissident Mage can also serve as commander, although in this case more self-mill and less recovery would be ideal e.g. Entomb, etc. etc. to synergize with her ability to cast instants and sorceries from graveyard.
Budgeting
This deck runs for 2,494.96 USD (!!!), with the priciest cards being Underground Sea (780.18), Volcanic Island (551.51), Badlands (272.49), Grim Tutor (220.91), and Imperial Seal (217.95), these five together accounting for 2043 USD.
